Sarah Parcak: Archaeology from space

TED 2012
Sarah Parcak: Archaeology from space (script)
Summary
In the near future, you can probably find Itjtawy which was ancient Egypt's capital over four thousand years ago by using satellite data. It's not enough to see and find it with your naked eyes. Using NASA topography, it can map very subtle landscape where there was  the Nile river. It showed a very slight raised area there and the work that is coring was done. And then, there was a layer of human occupation that was a dense layer of pottery including carnelian, quartz and agate. This possible location of Itjtawy, because those stones were the most common jewelry at that time. This is the wonderful study of archaeology which is able to find and share you something over four thousand years ago.
Words in this story
archaeology / the study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of sites and the analysis of artifacts and other physical remains.
blindfolded / deprive (someone) of sight by tying a piece of cloth around the head so as to cover the eyes.
carnelian /kärˈnēlyən/ quartz /kwôrts/ agate /agit/

Monica Lewinsky: The price of shame

TED 2015
Monica Lewinsky: The price of shame (script)
Summary
When you hear the word "culture",  you probably think about music, art and something that you can be proud of. However, culture includes the definition of habits, traditions, and beliefs. Now, our world has the internet. It's created a lot of things. Among them, culture of humiliation has been created unintentionally. So we don't notice that people's private words, actions, conversations or photos are stolen without consent, and it's made them public without compassion. It's not related to either the fact that someone actually makes a mistake, or whether the person who is famous.
Further, online and technology help make them a public shame . It's unlimitedly and permanently accessible and traffics on the website also. It becomes cyber bullying that leads to excruciating and suicidal tendencies but it numbly continues.
The internet should be a great technology, creating wonderful connection with people and the place where can foster minority influence, not the place  where it spreads culture of humiliation.
There is lack of compassion on not only online but also offline. There is no person who doesn't make a mistake. Anyone even who is suffering from shame and public humiliation deserve compassion. We have to change our world to have a more compassionate world.
Words in this story
consent /  agreement, assent, acceptance, approval
compassion /  pity, sympathy, empathy
foster / cultivate
humiliation / stigma, embarrassment, mortification, shame
compassion /  empathy,
traffic / deal or trade in something illegal.
public / done, perceived, or existing in open view.

JR: One year of turning the world inside out

TED 2012
JR: One year of turning the world inside out (script)
Summary
The art can't directly change the world, but it can change perceptions and people's lives. Who is also you if you join the project that the speaker recommend. This is the project using the paper and glue. You only send him pictures and paste the poster that he printed to you. The photos can show and tell your stories to people. Someone pasted the photos to show the diversity in the country. Someone pasted it to fight against homophobia or for their rights. At some schools, in Israel and Palestine, they started to be used also. It's just beginning. If you begin something, you can change something that might be your life and let's turn the world inside out together. I exist. They exist.
Words in this story
perception / intuition,  sensation

TED Prize 2011 JR: My wish: Use art to turn the world inside out

TED Prize 2011
JR: My wish: Use art to turn the world inside out (script)
Summary
Someone explain the art to someone who didn't understand it. That is art that you try to understand it for a long time and you are listening to its explanation to understand well and discuss with your fellows hard. During that time, you haven't thought about what you're going to eat tomorrow.
The art the speaker do is not difficult. The museums are also not necessary. The streets, paper and glue, he only uses it. Although his art might be an illegal art exhibition, it's wonderful for people who can't go to museums and  who are hungry for art and culture to feel it. By using their photos, they can feel that this art belongs to them. And then, this art can travel with their stories.
Everyone must have something that you want to care about or to stand for or tell the story. He can make it art. You can join and reveal it to the world. This is one step to change the world. It can't directly change, but the art can change perceptions.
Words in this story
favela / a Brazilian shack or shanty town; a slum.
practical /  empirical, hands-on, actual, active
presume /  assume, suppose, guess,  judge, perceive

Bjorn Lomborg: Global priorities bigger than climate change

TED 2005
Bjorn Lomborg: Global priorities bigger than climate change (script)
Summary
In the world, there are a lot of problems that there are people starving, dying of HIV and AID, without clean drinking water, and without sanitation. There are people who will be severely affected by climate change also.
The speaker suggests us to prioritize the big problems in the world. It means that people decide what should be the top priorities and the bottom priorities of the solutions that they have to the world's biggest issues. It's because we don't actually solve all problems. It won't be good that spending a lot of money doing a little good. Money of the world has a limit. If we use the money to protect some diseases, it's 10 times more than treating it.
Then he made many people who have a different work write the top and the bottom priorities  list.
The surprising answer was figured out. Even while Americans and other people said that the malnutrition and diseases are solved at the top and climate change at the bottom. He summarized that let's do not the things that we can do very little at a very high cost and we don't know how to do, but let's do the great things that we can do an enormous amount of better at very low cost, right now.
However, I don't think that. It's because until now we seek only benefit to do something that everybody wants to do at first. Its outcome is the present. Developing countries force responsibility onto developed countries. Developed countries force all things that developing countries can't do onto them. So this is the time for all countriesto to cooperate. The money have to be used for the protection that the speaker said. Before our earth becomes heavy ill which called climate change, we have to protect it.
Words in this story
prioritize /verb/ designate or treat (something) as more important than other things.
priority /noun/ a thing that is regarded as more important than another.
substantial /  considerable, real, significant, important
pessimistic /  gloomy, negative

Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton at the TEDWomen Conference

December 8, 2010
Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton at the TEDWomen Conference (script)
The Ronald Reagan Building. Washington, D.C.
Summary
Even in the United States, men and women are not equal. In the world, there are many inequalities. The world has its problems such as; women can't go to school, girls have to get married early and there is  violence against women. And then, those problems are hidden and even the victims can't talk about them. If the countries send girls to school even just for one year, their lives and countries can be changed dramatically. The countries, men and boys have to admit to value not only their sisters and daughters but all women and girls, and to invest in them.
Every woman and girl in the world have to be empowered and have a chance to live up their dreams and aspirations as well. There are many things to do together for them. It's worth for us, says the speaker Hillary Clinton .
I'm a Japanese woman. Although Japan receives attention that there's the discrimination against women by the United Nations, there's no person who talks about the problem like Hillary Clinton in this TED Talk. Japanese people have to know and talk about our women's issues more.
Words in this story
integrated /  combine, amalgamate, merge
comprehensive / of or relating to understanding.
empower / give (someone) the authority or power to do something.  authorize, entitle, permit, allow

TED prize 2007 Bill Clinton: My wish: Rebuilding Rwanda

TED 2007
TED prize 2007 Bill Clinton: My wish: Rebuilding Rwanda (script)
Summary
This TED Talk accepted the 2007 TED Prize. The speaker Bill Clinton was the President of the United States of America from 1993 to 2001.
He now organizes his foundation and tackles some world problems that are to alleviate poverty, fight disease, combat climate change, bridge the religious, racial and other divides that torment the world. His wish is not just helping them but developing a model for rural health care in a very poor area and its model would be spread and implemented in the rest of the poor areas. If it's applied, it could save hundreds of millions of lives over the next decade. It's worth to try. He believes that it would succeed and ask us to support something.
Words in this story
implemented / perform, career on.