Ralph Nader : What it takes to create social change against all odds

Ralph Nader·TEDMED 2020

What takes to create social change against all odds

Summary

In the first place, l fixed the blame on older people because we were told that we should be awed by corporate and political power anytime and anywhere.

However, the speaker’s option is different because he fought against companies and political misdeeds which hoped to get only benefits, even if many lives were lost. His team was small and didn’t have enough money, though, with the words: Justice is the great interest of man on earth, he started to learn that we don’t know what to do and continued it. It has led to breaking through authorities and enabling to change histories a little. It’s the same as what young people do to stop climate change. It was really hard to work for women’s right to vote, antislavery, harmful toxic chemicals in the rivers, severe car accidents, regulate the tobacco, and etc. The speaker continued and humbly tells us that passing a law is only the first step, the next step is defending the law.

There are no permanent victories. If you’re willing to lose persistently, your causes can become winners in time. What the speaker did is to create social change against all odds. 

His Holiness Pope Francis : Our moral imperative to act on climate change — and 3 steps we can take

His Holiness Pope Francis·Countdown

Our moral imperative to act on climate change-and 3steps we can take

Summary

This was the suggestion from Pope Francis who is the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State to transform the way we act. The global climate crisis requires it and it leads to addressing the world’s growing environmental problems and economic inequalities. Furthermore, we must solve how all of us work together, across faiths and societies, protect the Earth, and promote the dignity of everyone. If we know and learn about morals, yes, we must have it, and we can understand that environmental problems are linked to human needs. We have to promote it. 1)

We must focus on water and nutrition that is a universal human right. 2) And then, it’s important to think about the energy transition. In these 30 years, we have to change our all energy to clean energy. 3)

Monica Araya : How cities are detoxing transportation

Monica Araya·Countdown
How cities are detoxing transportation
Summary
Because of coronavirus, the lockdown has been tough, though, we couldn’t see the sky without pollution, the roads without congestion, and cities without noise. I think that so, too. Now, still, we can’t use airplanes, workers in airplanes must be suffering, though, we have to think about air pollution that kills people and leads to climate change for our earth. For the world’s goal that is zero carbon 2050, it’s important to change our transportation systems. The speaker explains how cities are detoxing transportation.

To ban petrol and diesel cars by 2030 and 2040. 1)
To overhaul city places where children can play, pedestrians can walk safely, and car spaces are reduced a little. 2)
To prioritize active mobility. It means that there try to be many things that people need within a walk or a bike ride and 15 minutes. 3)
Recently, many cities try to use LED lights, and using dry cells is reduced. Preparing must be important to change new energy. It must be for people-friendly, thriving economy, and clean air. We can choose for climate change and our health.

Words in this story
detox / treatment center or clinic where drug users and abusers try to free themselves from drugs, detox center

Kristin Jones : Sexual assault, shame and teaching kids to ask for help

Kristin Jones·TED@PMI

Sexual assault, shame and teaching kids to ask for help

Summary

The speaker explained strongly that sexual assault is never the victim’s fault and the society should be where perpetrators should be ashamed of what they’ve done. However, for a long time, victims couldn’t say and tell anything they were silent about but in society, perpetrators could live calmly and it’s repeating. It’s completely wrong.

What is a shame? Victims don’t need to feel guilty for being weak and don’t make them blame themselves. For stopping sexual assault, teaching kids to ask for help and protecting them is important and we have to create the community, cities, and world which can protect kids from sexual assault. The speaker overcame the experience with courage.

Myles Allen : Fossil fuel companies know how to stop global warming. Why don't they?

Myles Allen·Countdown

Fossil fuel companies know how to stop global warming. Why don’t they?

Summary

Fossil fuels include coal, petroleum, natural gas, oil shales, and etc. We use those as energy by burning, though, burning those, you know, emits a number of air pollutants that are harmful to both the environment and public health. We use it for a long time, however, it’s time to stop dumping carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. The world has a goal that is Net zero in 2050 to protect the earth.

Net-zero refers to the balance between the amount of greenhouse gas produced and the amount removed from the atmosphere.

And then, the speaker suggests decarbonizing fossil fuels. His decarbonize is not decarbonize the economy but decarbonize the fuels themselves. It’s to capture the carbon dioxide from industries, filter it, compress it, and re-inject it back underground. If we can’t capture the carbon dioxide at the time of occurrence, we recapture it!!, and take it back out of the atmosphere. The cost is high, though, we have to do it. Now, technology growing is great. Young engineers must do it well with our cooperation. It’s not enough to ban fossil fuels. Reach net-zero emissions by 2050.

Christiana Figueres and Chris Anderson : How we can turn the tide on climate

Christiana Figueres and Chris Anderson·Countdown

How we can turn the tide on climate

Summary

This was a countdown campaign held last year to cut greenhouse gas emissions. Unfortunately, by spreading coronavirus, this year, on October 10th, 2020, they couldn’t gather like this video, though, a lot of new messages were posted. It’s because our actions can’t delay and it’s an emergency. 1.5 degrees Celsius will bring more extreme weather, rising sea levels, water shortages in some regions, threats to food security, biodiversity, and etc. It’ll spread all around the world. Now, changing our actions and customs is not sacrificing something but it’s about co-creating a much better future for all of us, thus we have to change. This understanding has to be known by all people. The event hopes that many people know about the reality, join, and act with them.

P.S. I was really glad that I could watch a Japanese man who is, Hiro Mizuno, introduced as the world’s largest pension found for the program with other great members who are Al Gore, Yuval Noah Harari, etc. Our earth should be beautiful forever for all creatures can live safely and securely and for this, it's needed our actions and money.

Words in this story

tide / a powerful surge of feeling or trend of events

initiative/ the ability to assess and initiate things independently

Colombe Cahen-Salvado : A global movement to solve global problems

Colombe Cahen-Salvador·TED2020

A global movement to solve global problems

Summary

This was a great message.

The words “No one does” that the speaker said in the last were strong and it has been running around in my head after reading this. It’s because the speaker is French and was devastated by the UK’s decision.

The speaker tells us that we need to change the way we think about the world. It’s still more global, 1) unite beyond borders, 2)and have courage. 3)

How is a global tax system?

Can you think about stopping global hunger for one year, giving vaccines across the world fairly, protecting Hong Kong, standing up meaningfully, and democratically to China? Those are urgent issues. Political parties cannot operate and collaborate with those globally and often.

On a global scale, we have to work together across borders. Create innovative new ways for the world to be truly one.

Lisa Jackson : Apple's promise to be carbon neutral by 2030

Lisa Jackson and Liz Ogbu·Countdown

Apple’s promise to be carbon neutral by 2030

Summary

Carbon neutrality refers to balance carbon dioxide emissions with carbon removal or simply eliminate carbon dioxide emissions (l can’t agree with carbon offsetting.)

Apple is on target to become carbon neutral across not only Apple’s entire business but the manufacturing supply chain by 2030. The company is already running on 100 percent renewable energy for its corporate campuses, stores, and data centers. And then, they started to try the energy change that their customers use to charge their devices to clean energy and recycle materials.

The UN says 2050carbon neutral, but Apple tries to challenge a higher goal.

We shouldn’t attack climate change. The center should be a discussion of the solution. It’s important to start it.

Jessy Kate Schingler : Civilization on the Moon — and what it means for life on Earth

 Jessy Kate Schingler·TED2020

Civilization on the Moon-and what it means for life on Earth

Summary

I was surprised at the title because on the Moon, people haven’t lived yet. Last year was the year when fifty years passed from hoisting the US flag on the Moon, A lot of things are researched and our technology is growing rapidly, thus the speaker tells us that in the next decade, we could see people starting to live and work on the Moon. And then, there has seemed to be the Outer Space Treaty since 1967. It’s the defining treaty governing activities in outer space, though, it says that a requirement for free access to all areas of a celestial body and the Moon and other celestial bodies are not subject to national appropriation. Well, what do those mean and how do we manage, for example, resources when the traditional tools of external authority and private property don’t apply? If there are no rules on the Moon, people must think that they can end up in a first-come ad first-served situation. However, if we use the same rules as the Earth, l think that wars and climate change will happen soon on the Moon. The speaker suggests that it’s easier to create something new than trying to dismantle the old. It must lead to a world where there are no borders and fight for territories.

I’ve heard that even on the Earth, the notion that this is our country will disappear in the future. People can cooperate and don’t fight for energies and territories.

John Biewen : The lie that invented racism

John Biewen·TEDxCharlottesville

The lie that invented racism

Summary

The expression: Racism didn’t start with a misunderstanding, it started with a lie was really new and surprised us, though, I was sorry that it didn’t make me refreshed. It’s because I think that people must want to know about a stronger solution that many people can take action.

The speaker is a white person whose parents worked with Martin Luther King to be able to have the civil rights for all people. However, the media recently seemed to tell that it’s strange and the reason that all white people were racists against black. It leads to that white people think that they don’t want to be racists and they don’t relate to racial problems. However, even among all white people groups, there are problems about themselves being divided. It’s by religion, tribal groups, and languages. People in the past had no notion of race, though, the world has swayed about white and black too much.

It’s just a lie, swayed, a tool, and invented. We don’t need to feel a lot of guilt, and history isn’t our fault or yours. As the same humans, we have a responsibility to do something.

To stop showing up grudgingly for the diversity and equality meeting and being a real accomplice to colors. Creating a society that is not built on the exploitation or oppression of anyone is important.

Xiye Bastida : If you adults won't save the world, we will

 Xiye Bastida·TED2020

If you adults won’t save the world, we will

Summary

This was a letter that the speaker wrote for her grandmother. When grandmother was born, there must have been a lot of nature around the world, though, oceans and sky are now polluted but we still use much energy. It leads to climate change and we cannot see that adults try to save the world. However, the speaker and students learned that the earth has the power of resilience. The speaker and children love not only the earth but parents, grandparents, teachers, and friends, they are appropriate for being born and all things that passed down to them. Thus she participated in the event and strikes to save the world. She said that she didn’t know what to do at first, the world is so big, and it has so many bad habits. However, she thought she had to try and she said when businesses turn sustainable, the power grid runs on renewable energy, people use a reusable bag, our consumption doesn’t harm the earth, and taking care of the Earth is part of our humanity, it should be our normal life and children and students can study without strikes.

She wants to sing, dance, study, and meet her grandmother more than being full-time climate activists.

For that, we who live in the world have to cooperate with her to save the world. This was the great letter to not only her grandmother but us.

Hasan Kwame Jeffries : Why we must confront hard historical truths

Hasan Kwame Jeffries·TEDxOhioStateUniversity

Why we must confront hard historical truths

Summary

This story has a strong message. The speaker is a black man who is a historian and has children. Now, it’s spreading inequality in the United States. Furthermore, people are forgetting histories, are not teaching it correctly, and there are people who don’t do anything about it.

To know about the history of white and black is difficult and painful. People want it to be turned into nostalgic memories.

It doesn’t mean to rationalize, avoid or forget about slavery, James Madison, Jim Crow, and etc. People might think that not remembering it is not repeating it.

The speaker suggests that it’s wrong. If people don’t remember the past, they will continue it. It creates inequality and injustice in the first place. He tells us that what we must do is we must disrupt the continuum of hard history. It’s seeking and speaking the truth, confronting, magnifying, and teaching hard history to children. Acting on truth to create a fair and just society seriously.

Words in this story

enslaved / held in slavery

confront / face

emancipated / e·man·ci·pate / liberate, free, release, unshackle

quintessential /quin·tes·sen·tial / typical, prototypical, stereotypical

marginalized / keep a person or something away from the center of attention or power, isolate, cut off, shut out