Mark Raymond : Victims of the city

Mark Raymond·TEDxPortofSpain
Victims of the city
Summary
Who are victims of the city and why are they victims of the city?

The speaker is an architect and the city in the story seems to be about Port of Spain which is the capital of Trinidad and Tobago. It’s an island republic in the West Indies off the northeastern coast of Venezuela. Venezuela is a republic in northeastern South America, I thought that it’s too far to live Indian people because my teacher said that the speaker looked an Indian, though, according to the Wikipedia, Residents of African and Indian seem to descent with each other in Trinidad and Tobago. It surprised me and my teacher was great.

As an architect, he worked hard, however, he is disappointed in the city where there are a lot of aesthetic buildings. It’s because he explains that architecture is not to build beautiful buildings but it creates instructions with humans and landscapes and it builds an environment. It’s important to think about the value and possibility of places and spaces more and it should be enhanced.

Simply, for only buildings, highways, and economic results, much money shouldn't be used but whole societies where there is active and equitable participation for everybody, safety, security, and sustainable future should be created. This must be a true meaning of architecture.

Words in this story
habitat /noun/ the natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism

Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy : How film transforms the way we see the world

Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy·TED2019
How film transforms the way we see the world
Summary
In the title, the film was to be recorded about honor killing. Honor killing is an old custom that men can kill women legally when women have different thoughts to their fathers about marriage. Daughters couldn’t have their opinions but mothers and grandmothers couldn’t say anything about an evil custom: honor killing because they followed that.

The speaker made the film to help them, though, she was rejected. When she brought the film to other countries, she thought that no one would understand because people in the same country could not understand, though, little by little, small opinions started to be raised, the film received praise. It took much time, in the country, men who kill women understood that the film was important.

Mothers and grandmothers also realized that an evil custom was allowed by them. The speaker continues spreading the film. She made a system that in the very far small villages where people couldn’t arrive, people can watch it and children can learn their custom. To thrive in the country, it's important for everybody to learn history. 

Lynn Rothschild : The living tech we need to support human life on other planets

Lynn Rothschild·TEDxBeaconStreetSalon
The living tech we need to support human life on other planets
Summary
This story is really difficult because I don’t know about genetic modification with organisms well.

The speaker tells us that we have to think of life as a technology, all living thing has some kind of biomaterial and for producing it’s needed bacterium that is really resistant. Thus the speaker says that the solution to the habitat problems on Mars could just simply lie in a fungus. Organisms can create electric energy and bacteria and chemical energy and electrical energy must be harvested also.

I have to continue reading more articles about genetic modification with organisms because l don’t understand the last words of the speaker but I felt fear.
“Humans should never touch organisms is kinda silly because we have that capability now to do things that are far more beneficial for planet Earth and for life.”

Words in this story
resistant /adj/ opposed, resisting, immune to the effects of
resistance /noun/

Steven Petrow : 3 ways to practice civility

Steven Petrow·TED Salon: Doha Debates
3 ways to practice civility
Summary
I don’t have the skill to understand political confrontation. Middle of the article, l don’t know who is right and wrong or who is the right and the left. And then l don’t want to know who said a hate speech!

We must learn when we are children, when we would receive ugly words, we should not tell the same words.

I who am Japanese learned not to do the same things, 1) to bear silently, 2) and to go over its regret and look back, 3) current Japan might not have it, though. These are my three ways to civility to cultivate patience to win. I think that it’s beneficial to live comfortably and strongly.

Probably, the speaker must want to tell that. As humans, we talk about our differences with respect, especially about politics. There are ways to oppose more civility when you take part in politics or talk about politics, now it’s using ugly words too much.  Just, you think that you don't have to need being civil to say opposite opinions, 1) only your party is right, 2) and everybody is lean right or left too much!!!  3)

And then, according to his example of a bagel story, trying handing over what you want, 1) trying handing out half of yours, 2) and trying accepting it.  3) What we should do is those and the speaker tells us in the last, ”there is the joy of civility”.

Words in this story

civility /noun/ propriety, politeness, manner

civil /adj/ courteous and polite

Rocío Lorenzo : How diversity makes teams more innovative

Rocío Lorenzo·TED@BCG
How diversity makes teams more innovative
Summary
This story is the worst content that Japanese people don’t want to listen to, so Japan receives the attack of the problem always.

“We have one member in our board who is a woman”.
In the article, the speaker explains that this is a laughing part, though, many people couldn’t laugh because men think that it’s improving because there are no women in a project for a long time. In the first place, even women don’t think that this is the problem.

The speaker tells us that for everyone, a true opportunity should be provided. It means for everyone who hires and who is hired have to develop and promot.
Embracing diversity more is to lead their organization to being innovative. Still, numbers are lacking until getting better results.

Thomas Curran : Our dangerous obsession with perfectionism is getting worse

Thomas Curran·TEDMED 2018
Our dangerous obsession with perfectionism is getting worse
Summary
Again, I’ve met the difficult story that the title surprises me, so perfectionism is to have a belief strongly that anything less than perfect is unacceptable. l think that people will seek successes too much, they have been obsessed, they face dangerous conditions, it leads to severe illness or depressions, and those people will be increasing and getting worse.

The speaker tells us that it’s differences between young people and older people, and one’s self and outsider. There is a culture in which young people need less perfection, though, around them have an expectation of perfection. Otherwise, himself/ herself believes more necessity, though, outside already think that they are great. It might be said to have lack of communication also.

No one is flawless. We have to know about a normal and natural part of everybody that must be an imperfection. There, there must be more joys and beauties. Before thinking about perfection, mental, emotional and psychological health of joys more important for us.

Words in this story
flawless /adj/ without any blemishes or imperfections, perfect
lack /noun/ shortage, deficiency, insufficiency, dearth, shortness

Greta Thunberg : The disarming case to act right now on climate change

Greta Thunberg·TEDxStockholm
The disarming case to act right now on climate change
comment
When I knew her this year, I wondered why she hadn't stood on the TED stage, however, it's wrong. Just I seemed not to realize it.
She is still 16 years old and continuing School strike for the climate. She doesn't eat to meat, doesn't use airplanes to lower carbon footprint and she insists her family members become vegan, give up flying and give up eating meat.
I also think that we must be able to eat less meat and use fewer airplanes. We have to change our action to protect our earth. Please try to listen to her.

Michael Tubbs : The political power of being a good neighbor

Michael Tubbs·TED2019
The political power of being a good neighbor
Summary
We think that the right of black people and women have been admitted already, though, sometimes, they are killed by even police currently.

The speaker’s cousin was killed because of just black but the speaker hadn’t done anything. He decided to have a job relating politics to change the situation, though, he realized that working as a politician, it’s too difficult to understand citizenship, so being a good neighbor is the most important and its power must be more effective.

He is the youngest mayor in American history. His policies are to speak national conversation and to tackle poverty, violence in his city which is said to be the worst such criminals coming in and there are the race and ethnic problems. He did see those victims and perpetrators, 1) opened a health clinic to provide free health care, 2) and started to create structurals not to create poverty.  3)
His city shows that reductions in rates of homicides, violence, and poverty.

He thinks that for governing, only using terms means to escape, not just joining hands as neighbors but using our hands to restructure our road.

Words in this story
ethnic /adj/  ethnicity /noun/

Jamie Paik : Origami robots that reshape and transform themselves

Jamie Paik·TED2019
Origami robots that reshape and transform themselves
Summary
Origami is a Japanese culture that is making multiple shapes from a single sheet of paper. It requires delicate movements of the fingers.

For a long time, we thought that robots couldn’t do works that are very small and detailed, multi-tasks, and they couldn’t have a sensitivity of skins.

However, the speaker tells us that a new robot called “Robogami ” become able to do those this time, so advancing technology is really great and the speaker said that robots will be whatever you want them to be.

However, l don’t think that there are only better things. In the past, computers were made for wars, energies are always used for wars and it’s said that people hope for world peace, though, no one knows where human desires go.

And then, one of my concern is to be copied many things by Chinese and Korean. If Robogami is more famous than Japanese people can do, the world must say that Japanese people mimic origami that Robogami does, OMG!

Origami means that Ori is folding, Gami   ( it’s announced voiced consonant marks of Kami) is a piece of paper, and those are combined and in Japanese, Kami (Gami ) means a piece of paper or God. (It's the same pronunciation but different Kanji is used) Probably, the speaker must know that, so Robogami is the word that is really made great.

Words in this story
haptic /adj/ of the sense of touch, of dermal perception

Rick Doblin : The future of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy

Rick Doblin·TED2019
The future of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy
Summary
LSD, psilocybin, and MDMA are hallucinogenic drugs, it’s possible to have strong adverse psychedelic reactions such as anxiety, paranoia, and delusions, it’s not told this time, though. For a long time, it’s said to be dangerous and it’s banned to study and use.

However, people want to cure serious illnesses that were impossible to treat before. It’s increasing and if it’s not curing,  patients will be more increasing.
The speaker hopes that making advances in its study must lead to more successes. He seems to be one of the leading psychedelic researchers in the world.

Barbara J. King : Grief and love in the animal kingdom

Barbara J. King·TED2019
Grief and love in the animal kingdom
Summary
The speaker explains that we, humans, can see that animals' actions sometimes show their grief and love. We don't know about their words thus we don't know whether it's true or not, though, she tells us that she believes.

All living creatures have methods to protect themselves. I think that showing grief and love must be those ways. They must tell us much danger, those are air pollution, trees trimming and so on, places they live are decreasing and food is necessary for everyone, though, a current food chain system is not better.

This must be a sign that danger comes to them and us and it means that we have to protect them and it leads to creating a better world.

Wade Davis : Dreams from endangered cultures

Wade Davis·TED2003  (transcript)
Dreams from endangered cultures
Summary
I think that this must be the oldest but the most difficult story in the TED talk that I've ever read. The story had really profound content that people was completely forgetting. People must think that indigenous people also live somewhere happily because humans are able to adapt to changes and the world becomes more convenient. And then one famous book had announced, the author was told in TED also, that the era is now changing like the Maasai ethnic group started having a mobile phone. For the Maasai ethnic group, telling Maasai cultures seems to be one of the jobs to get money now. Is telling cultures a job?

The speaker tells us that there are more big problems. Justly, it's what I've written at the beginning. People passively accepted and they are now accepting destruction.

Why a lot of cultures had been endangered is that the truth is not wars and technological innovations but people actively endorsed or passively accepted the massive destruction of both biological and cultural diversity in the planet. It’s power and domination and it obviously has led to a crisis of a diverse way.

Quote from the story. The world deserves to exist in a diverse way. We have to find a way to live in a truly multicultural, pluralistic world where all of the wisdom of all peoples can contribute to collective well-being.

The hope is that being endangered cultures is a dream, however, when we will wake up from this dream one day, we must forget that there are other possibilities completely.

Words in this story
cultures /noun/ the arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarded collectively.
Indigenous people
Indigenous /noun/ originating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native.
pluralistic /adj/ diversity of different ideas or people or a diverse one.
endorse /verb/ declare one's public approval or support of.

Rajesh Rao : A Rosetta Stone for a lost language

Rajesh Rao·TED2011  (transcript)
A Rosetta Stone for a lost language
Summary
A Rosetta Stone is a stone found in Rosetta, Egypt, you know, and it’s inscribed ancient Egyptian hieroglyphic, Greek, and demotic scripts. It’s said that this is an important clue that provides important critical knowledge for solving a problem or puzzle. It means that if we solve those letters, we can know about extremely great things, so I think that it must show that letters are very important and reading something is more important.
The speaker tells that scripts were written not to read easily because the stakes are so high if you solve it, thus it’s exciting to find out about it that is silenced by an unfortunate accident of history.
However, l have a question. People have remembered that letters are important, haven’t they? It’s because they don’t read books, they love watching reflections that are T.V. YouTube movies and so on more than before, and there are many scripts that are written untrue now. Again, it must not be solved by an unfortunate current of history.

Words in this story
entropy /noun/ measure of the level of disorder in a system; amount of unavailable energy in a system
rebus /noun/ puzzle, riddle, enigma, word puzzle representing form of pictures or symbols, heraldic emblem that displays a picture portraying the name of the bearer

Laurel Braitman : Depressed dogs, cats with OCD — what animal madness means for us humans

Laurel Braitman·TEDSalon NY2014  (transcript)
Depressed dogs, cats with OCD — what animal madness means for us humans
Summary
Before I didn’t know about dogs well, thus dogs stories were interesting.
There are many streets in the era and not only people but also animals are suffering from it. It appears often as depression or OCD. (obsessive-compulsive disorder)
It means that dogs and cats also have it, it’s a usual thing and we have to think that so the speaker tells us that we can anthropomorphize dogs and cats more. 1)
It’s a good thing because we must know that drugs are tested in non- human animals first. They can take it also. 2)
When people have depression, dogs or cats cure people. It’s the same for dogs and cats. For them, there are something or someone that cure them and we have to think that by anthropomorphizing them.3)

I thought for a long time that keeping dogs and cats is not good for their health because it’s not natural though it seems to be wrong. It seems to be that each other, empathizing is important.

Words in this story
depression /noun/ a mental state characterized by a pessimistic sense of inadequacy and a despondent lack of activity
OCD (obsessive-compulsive disorder) /noun/ psychiatric disorder in which a person experiences recurrent obsessions or compulsive actions or both.
inadequacy /noun/ insufficiency, incompetence
anthropomorphize /verb/ give human qualities to a nonhuman, give human form to something which is not human

Ian Dunbar : Dog-friendly dog training

Ian Dunbar·EG 2007  (transcript)
Dog-friendly dog training
Summary
The speaker tells us that the important thing for dog training is to take into account the dog's point of view. I thought that this was the most difficult thing, though, the speaker left great sentences with us. It's that the way of dog training is that you teach the dog, however, you let the dog think that the dog trains us!! The next sentences were more interesting. Imagine that this dag speaks through the fence to say another dag, " Wow, my owners they are so incredibly easy to train, I have to do is sit, and they do everything!! " This is the true training that enables having motivation. We think that training should be strict or need for seldom punishment, though, it's wrong and the key is this way is for anyone to train easily.

And then if it's good, say, "That was really nest, thank you." and there is a reward thus punishment works. I think that people, especially Japanese people, use only punishment. 
I learned from the story that training is for creating a good living and good habits that is like too hard to break, and it should be taught perseveringly and kindly.

P.S.
I thought that one of a definition of what a punishment that the speaker tell was really interesting too.
A punishment is a stimulus that reduces the immediately preceding behavior that it's less to occur in the future. It does not have to be nasty, scary or painful.

Charles Leadbeater : Education innovation in the slums

Charles Leadbeater·TEDSalon London 2010  (transcript)
Education innovation in the slums
Summary
This story seemed to be talked about 10 years ago. I think that children in the slums studied hard for this 10 years by following the story because they have started to have imagination, appetite, and social confidence, they had lived in where there was no internet and no computers, though.

The speaker told in the story that American, Japan, and some other countries’ education systems would have great results of skills, learning and reading, though, it would lay waste to imaginations, appetite, and social confidence. It’s push. Education needs to work by pull, not push. It should be what children naturally and unconsciously are attracted to.

In the slums, for children, the internet and computers are used for studying and it has rewards that are, for example, Children can now become to eat, to get jobs, and not to be married after studying. Those can create motivations of extrinsic and intrinsic.
An Old education system has to be dismantled and needs innovation. Japanese education also needs it now.

David Baker : 5 challenges we could solve by designing new proteins

David Baker·TED2019  (transcript)
5 challenges we could solve by designing new proteins
Summary
"Take proteins from various food" You must be told by your mother, so proteins really work in our bodies every day.
The speaker's team study about designing new proteins. It has tendencies to protect us from new diseases.

By taking existing flu proteins in the world, a new universal flu vaccine might be created and It must protect us from bioterrorism. 1)

Proteins are components of amino acids. By using new amino acids, new therapeutic candidates for conditions of chronic pain might be designed.  2)

In our bodies, a delivery system can be built to repair gene. It means that proteins help in our bodies to carry food, blood, medicines,  and so on.  3)

Finding the target of autoimmune disorder leads healthy-immune cells to working well. 4)

Completely new protein-based material also might be able to be designed. 5)
The speaker is exciting them and the era also helps him with technology growth.

Jonny Sun : You are not alone in your loneliness

Jonny Sun TED2019  (transcript)
You are not alone in your loneliness
Summary
The speaker’s illustration is really cute called Jomny who is an alien who seems to be sent to earth with a mission to study humans. In fact, the alien is the speaker's own.
When the speaker was in the U.S. alone to study, he felt lonely often. His family was not with him and he took part in SNS communities,  though, there, many bad things have come from social media. It’s the place where he felt so much sadness, anger, violence, and so on.
He didn’t want to be there, though, the place he could be was only that. Probably, people must be the same and he made his alien go there.

The alien of his illustration is himself, however, Jomny could make a little tiny microcommunity which received words of cheering, leaning, and connection. The speaker hasn't become feeling lonely. In the SNS, there mustn't be only bad groupings. You can be there that has a tiny sliver of light, you might see that is a dark place, though.


I found an interesting video that the speaker and Sarah Kay appeared!!
They looked very close. ↓↓↓