Daniel Kish : How I use sonar to navigate the world

                   
Daniel Kish : How I use sonar to navigate the world (transcript)
Summary
"Sonar" navigates you if you are blind. It means that you can understand what is around you by emitting sound or reflected sound waves. You can see anything by using sound, and it removes your fear of not being able to see.
As a result, you won't fear blindness but you fear what you can't see when you think about blindness.
Certainly, moving might be difficult and challenging for blind people, but they can use their brain to see. They do not use their eyes.
This is the same when you overcome your difficult challenge and the dark unknown that is your fear. It's just that you are activated through unimagined discoveries. All people still have your part that can be activated more.

Elon Musk 2: The future we're building-and boring

 

TED 2017

Elon Musk 2: The future we're building-and boring  (transcript)

Summary

Why are you boring?

I thought that why you are bored or you are a boring person, but there are no reasons he, Elon Musk,  is bored or his life is boring. In his  previous TED, he and his companies which are Tesla, SpaceX and SolarCity always face exciting things.

However, his new company called  The Boring Company seems to have a little problem.

However, no one believes it a problem for him. It’s like a hobby for him.

The Boring Company is digging a hole under LA to create big tunnels where electric cars can run 200 kilometers an hour. His thoughts that first is energy problem, electric cars are created, and next there are cost, traffic jams and time problems there. Alleviating congestion leads to saving time, running a lot of cars and reducing costs.

Then, I also thought that it'll be very dangerous when flying cars are allowed in our sky. Tunnels can avoid sky’s accident and tie-in with Hyperloop.

Tesla works about a self-driving car and a long-range semitruck both run by electricity.

Although it'll take for about 15 years, having solar roofs will be usual in your cities. Now, a hundred gigawatt hours of batteries a year is produced.

SolarCity is really needed for next generation.

SpaceX designed an outrageous rocket which is like a 49-story skyscraper.

Then I think that there is a big difference between we optimistically do something and ambitiously do it.  

There is an inspiring and appealing future there and we can look at the future from the standpoint of probabilities. We use energy, it means we will run out, however, we have to help the advent of sustainable energy.

Everyone likes his today's last words: "I just only do it and work a lot. I’m just trying to think about the future and not be sad".

We can have more big dreams.

Words in this story

alleviating /  reduce, ease, relieve, take the edge off, deaden, dull, diminish, lessen, weaken, lighten

congestion /  crowding, overcrowding, obstruction, blockage

advent  /  arrival, appearance, emergence,

Elon Musk 1: The mind behind Tesla, SpaceX, SolarCity...

TED 2013

Elon Musk 1: The mind behind Tesla, SpaceX, SolarCity ... ( transcript )

Summary

Elon Musk is a famous entrepreneur.

Although there are many things that didn't say in this TED, he, in fact, owned a McLaren F1 supercar in the past and he, first, started Zip2 which was a web software company.

Next, he founded X.com which is an online financial service and e-mail payment company.It became a company called PayPal.

Third, he sold them to build space company called SpaceX.

Then he has started taking on the auto industry called Tesla, the modern world is said to be difficult to sell cars though.However, Tesla builds an all-electric car.It leads to one of his thoughts from University.He thought that having sustainable transport and sustainable energy production for us are extremely important and it is most likely to affect the future of the world or humanity.

We Have To Definitely Solve The Problem:.. Sustainable Electricity In The Near Future Therefore, We Have To Already Choose Electric Cars And His Cars Are Twice As Better Off Charging Than Usual Cars People Say That Reducing The Time Required To Charge Like Charging G Asoline and electric cars are expensive though it can run 65 miles an hour, under normal conditions, 250 miles and the free charging system is creating.You have to take a rest when you drive over 200 miles, and The best thing you use it is that. you can help save the planet.

And then, Elon has been working on the solar company called SolarCity.It is because of fuel shortage, our main energy has to turn to solar.We have to have sustainable electricity production as well as consumption. that the initial cost is zero.

So all his projects are interactive because he always thinks about the energy of the Earth, therefore, he reaches them.

SpaceX created a rapidly and fully reusable rocket recently.It can help us who are confined to the Earth until some eventual extinction event.

Let's follow his ambition and his thought about our energy.

There are many things on how to use our energy but we can start from a small thing.

We shouldn't see extinction event of the Earth.

Words in this story

sustainable / able to be maintained at a certain rate or level. able to be upheld or defended.

humanity / the human race; human beings specifically.humankind, mankind, man, people

prevalent / frequent, usual, common, current

efficiency / productivity, capability

Jonathan Haidt 4: Can a divided America heal?

TEDNYC2016
Jonathan Haidt 4: Can a divided America heal? (transcript)
Summary
This is about current America where Trump assumed the presidency. There's been on the left-right political divide since long ago though the big hopeless difference appeared this time. It's not just the feeling of disliking others but strongly disliking or disgusting them. It's usual to have an argument or a disagreement about something, but disgusting is different. It leads to a battle between good and evil, the feeling of disgusting increases, avoiding to do something together and dividing is deeper.  Moreover, people didn't vote for the candidate who they like. This is not the vote in favor of the motion but the vote for against though people don't realize it.
The reasons are that 1) people have a strong feeling that they want to have the same tribal, 2) by increasing it, each gruop is purified, and 3) the media or the fight provoke them more.
1) People have to realize them.  2) You don't think that you feel as other or you are disgusted with others. You have to have a new kind of empathy. 3) And then the opposite of disgust is love. Love can overcome the wall that is the feeling of disgusting.
You can't change the feeling of others though you can change your own feeling. The speaker tells us to stop seeing other people as your enemy, appreciating other, apologizing, and acknowledging other. This will be the way to heal.
Words in this stroy
presidency /noun/ the office of president
disgusting / Disgusting! lowest, worst
purify /   clean, cleanse, refine, remove contaminants from
provoke  / stimulate or give rise to (a reaction or emotion, typically a strong or unwelcome one) in someone.

Jonathan Haidt 3: How common threats can make common (political) ground

TEDSalon NY2012
Jonathan Haidt 3: How common threats can make common (political) ground  (transcript)
Summary
I feel that a man is stupid. There have already been many problems in the world though we can't cooperate to solve them.  Even if we have morality, it makes us blind to objective reality but it makes us polarize. This is our current society that are like liberals and conservatives. In fact, people have different feelings, even if they see the same things.
However, the speaker suggests that we start by looking for common threads. It is because common ground is often very hard to find, common threats make common ground and there are some examples that both sides work together to solve big threads that are poverty, AIDS, and the justice system. Thus he tells us that we must cooperate, there are many threads in the world.
I think that we must not mistake the threads to decide, please. It's because it reminds me of the problem about South Korea and Japan. The country tells all citizens the thread is Japan. They have other big threads but South Korea and Japan have to cooperate to solve it. People have to know that they don't have time to think.
I think that we shouldn't make a mistake to let the threads decide, please
Words in this story
conservative / a person who is averse to change and holds to traditional values and attitudes, typically in relation to politics.
liberal / a person of liberal views.
democracy / a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives.

Jonathan Haidt 2: Religion, evolution, and the ecstasy of self-transcendence

TED 2012
Jonathan Haidt 2: Religion, evolution, and the ecstasy of self-transcendence (transcript)
Summary
We, humans, unleashed Earth-change creativity and generated vast wealth and comfort.
However, this is our lower level. It's because we pursue only our benefit but we are selfish.
The sacred level is that self-interest fades away and we become less self-interested. We don't pursue our self-interest and communal interest also though we feel noble and somehow uplifted.
What we should do is to climb this star to go the sacred level.
The speaker explains that we can climb it whether you are religious or not. we, humans, evolve. We can change politics to a sacred level from the current  tribal level.
It should be the ecstasy of self-transcendence.
Words in this story
unleashed / let loose, release, (set) free, unloose
profane / relating or devoted to that which is not sacred or biblical; secular rather than religious

Jonathan Haidt 1: The moral roots of liberals and conservatives

TED2008
Jonathan Haidt 1: The moral roots of liberals and conservatives (script)
Summary
Our society has two parties that are liberals and conservatives but they say to each other that other party is wrong and they are right.
However, in the world, the parties should cooperate to understand each other and to solve problems.
We are born with the same morality.
According to the study of the speaker, people have two common morality that is harm/care and fairness/reciprocity.
People hope to bond with others, care for others, feel compassion for others who are especially  weak or abused. They hope to be fair to each other.
However, there is pleasure in our world, things change, and people become selfish.
The parties start to pursue only their own benefit. Purity is lost,  making group is rejected from another group by authority.
Morality should be used not to battle between good and evil and not being against anything.
This story is not about only party but it leads to all our life. We have to think about moral authority from moral humility.
The better way is not to change other people but to understand who we are and our moral psychology.
To solve problems now requires our own sacrifice without thinking of our benefit, and not others' sacrifice.

Words in this story
reciprocity /  mutual benefit
matrix /méɪtrɪks/
passionately /pǽʃənətli/  passionate /pˈæʃ(ə)nət/ intense

Nigel Marsh: How to make work-life balance work

TEDxSydney 2010
Nigel Marsh: How to make work-life balance work (transcript)
Summary
To make work-life balance is not difficult. The idea of the speaker is the small things matter and being more balanced doesn't mean dramatic upheaval in your life. However, you can radically transform the quality of your relationships and the quality of your life with the smallest investment in the right places. It can transform society also.
Without doing that, your company does nothing for your work-life balance. You have to know that reality but face it. You have to judge how you spend your time and it should be in a balanced way. I think that it leads to your definition of success.
Words in this story
desperation / a state of despair, typically one that results in rash or extreme behavior.

Deb Roy : The birth of a word

TED 2011
Deb Roy : The birth of a word (transcript)
Summary
This is the amazing idea that fits in the current generation, because in a usual house, 1) countless moments of unsolicited natural moments, not posed moments can be captured. 2) The speaker recorded his son with a very special home recording system in his house. After that, he started thinking how to discover them and what to find from them. 3)
First, it's used to understand the process of how a child learns a language. Current technologies can choose apart patterns from this massive data and can try to understand the influence of social environments on language acquisition. 4)
It relates between when people are saying something and what the context other people are saying in it.
Its connection will lead to seeing new social structures.
The data can be used with other many things and you can know the birth of a word easily from now.
I think that it'll be a little scary because your all life can be recorded easily, you can go back in the past and re-experience moments that you can never do before and you can do that forever.

Words in this story
implication / nuance,  significance, depth of meaning

Auret van Heerden : Making global labor fair

TEDGlobal 2010
Auret van Heerden : Making global labor fair (transcript)
Summary
In our life, products and services we use every day are offered by people who work. For them, the meaning of work is thought that it's not money. The most important thing for labor is a human being, in person, they work hard.
However, there are a lot of companies where their dignity is ignored in the world. In fact, especially, companies recently called global supply chain don't formally deal with them. Then sweatshops are created while slipping the law but have no abilities and systems to protect them. Governments are failing to do the right thing and it becomes difficult for national level to deal with also. It turned out that governments and nations can't do anything but seek only parochial interest but there are no human rights, products’ safety and basic dignity in them.
However, the speaker tells us that only private sectors and we can help laobr, even if governments can't do.
First, to provide a safe space where people can face the same problems, because the problem is just the lack of trust, confidence and partnership between NGOs, campaign groups, civil society organizations and multinational companies. When there's no fear of judgment and recrimination there, it leads to the solution. The world should know that it's giving the thoughts that are dignity, trust and human being back to labors, making global labor fair and you can buy brands products safely and peacefully.
Words in this story
supply chain / the sequence of processes involved in the production and distribution of a commodity.
multinational / a company operating in several countries.

recrimination / an accusation in response to one from someone else.

Malcolm Gladwell 3: The unheard story of David and Goliath

TEDSalon NY 2013
Malcolm Gladwell 3: The unheard story of David and Goliath (script)

Summary 

Underdog means the person or team considered to be the weakest and the least likely to win.
In the world, people like the story that underdog wins somehow. They are attracted by its victory as improbable.
Even in the Bible, there is a tale that underdog wins.
A young shepherd, David, doesn't look strong. He doesn't have arms and armor.
Goliath is a warrior. He is a giant, he wears in bronze armor and has a sword with his hand.
People think that a shepherd is weaker and underdog but they assume that he can't win. Then they can't think about the fact that a young shepherd has won well. It means that the true reasons are undermined and a wonderful story is born.
The speaker tells us that people have only judged by appearance before. In fact, there has been the rest of the story that we have unheard.
Judging by appearance, your apparent strength is, in fact, the source of your greatest weakness and you might have a sling in your pocket.
These will be as true of us always.
Words in this story
improbable / not likely to be true or to happen

Malcolm Gladwell 2: The strange tale of the Norden bombsight

TEDGlobal 2011
Malcolm Gladwell 2: The strange tale of the Norden bombsight (transcript)
Summary
This is the article that Japanese people must read.
It's because the article uses the Norden bombsight as one example.
On August 6, 1945, was the day when 140 thousand people were killed by a B-29 bomber called the Enola Gay. It used the Norden bombsight and dropped a very large atomic bomb on Hiroshima Japan.
Was this God’s will that the amount of suffering in any kind of war was reduced to as small an amount as possible?
No one knows the true answer because the victim might be more increased if it wouldn't occur.
However, my opinion is that this "Got’s will" will be the human ego. The thought that the amount of suffering in any kind of war can be reduced to as small an amount as possible is the human arrogance.
People just wanted to protect themselves.
Having a gun is also the same thing.  People say that they don't want to harm others, but victims are increasing but they hope to have a gun. They want to protect themselves.
The product is created to protect people, but it harms people. One day, this is absolutely useful is thought though it harms people or it's never used.
There's the story that is strange.

Words in this story
bombsight / a mechanical or electronic device used in an aircraft for aiming bombs

Malcolm Gladwell 1: Choice, happiness and spaghetti sauce

TED 2004
Malcolm Gladwell 1: Choice, happiness and spaghetti sauce　(transcript)
Summary
For me, in this TED Talk, the most important sentence is “people don't know what they want!”.
People choose one thing from being there what they like and they start to compare things that are existing there now or they knew before. They can't choose anything that they never see.
It shows us that we can find what people want from a new thing. If there is a new group but it's more detail, even if they never see before, they can choose one from it.
Then, when you can find something that fits you more, it will make you happy.
The speaker tells us that this is the movement from the search for universals to the understanding of variability.
This is the life lesson that in embracing the diversity of human beings, we will find a surer way to true happiness.
Words in this story
variability / temporality, changeability, inconstancyembracing / hold (someone) closely in one's arms, especially as a sign of affection. accept or support (a belief, theory, or change) willingly and enthusiastically.

Raj Panjabi : No one should die because they live too far from a doctor

TED 2017
TED Prize 2017 Raj Panjabi : No one should die because they live too far from a doctor (script)
Summary
In 2014, we were made aware of the fear of Ebola virus that killed many people one after another every day.
In fact, one billion people still live in the world's most remote communities, where it takes over one day to go to a clinic where they don't know if a doctor is in or not.  In these areas, there are children who couldn't go to school and furthermore people who take care of patients don't receive their salary.
However, in the modern world, there are a lot of medicines and technology.
No one should die because they live too far from a doctor or a clinic.
The speaker thinks in this case help doesn't come from the outside, it has to come from within. It means from the communities themselves.
He tries to create a system that can change everything. It is by putting people who can take care of patients in the hot spots of disease. It is also by educating people who can't go to school. Other ways are by training them how to use technology and by cooperating with government and creating the job right there.
People can prevent some diseases, which can save the lives and they can get a salary.
The condition that many people are dying shouldn't continue for a long time regardless of all environmental condition in our world. However, the condition that there is no disease is no longer exists.
We have to provide for every eventuality because "No condition is permanent".

Words in this story
provide / make adequate preparation for (a possible event)
eventuality / a possible event or outcome

Naomi Iwasawa : Breaking Japanese taboos to liberate minority and LGBT groups

Naomi Iwasawa : Breaking Japanese taboos to liberate minority and LGBT groups

(Japanese language is included in the script)

Summary
The discrimination that she mentioned is happening every day in Japan.
I don't know about her or any other person who can directly tell about Japan having a part that is not good. We, Japanese people, lack the backuground confident for diversity and live in a country which is still closed and intolerant. Few people say that but many people don't notice and unconsciously ignore that. Thus "unconscious diyscrimination" come into us. Japanese people love things for being the same, but they don't know that it is different from the world. There are many different races and thoughts. The difference and diversity are ordinary. We have to realize it so that we can be in the same place where people of the world are.
I want her, her speech and her deeds to be known by all Japanese people. It is because there are great things that can't be changed by anything in the world.
Words in this story
intolerance /noun/ narrow-mindedness, small-mindedness

Michael Sandel 2: The lost art of democratic debate

TED 2010
Michael Sandel 2: The lost art of democratic debate (script)
Summary
According to Aristotle who is a famous philosopher in ancient Athens, justice means giving people what they deserve.
However, who are the people and how do they deserve it?
This is that you have to think what justice requires well. It's what is the essential nature of the activity in question, and what qualities, what excellences connected with that activity, are worth of honor and recognition. Additionally, it means that you have to firstly argue about the purpose of social institutions and about what qualities are worth of honor and recognition. After that, you can argue about justice. Although there are disagreement, intolerance, and coercion, you should directly engage with a moral question in politics. This is a way to begin to restore the art of democratic argument.
Words in this story
coercion / force, compulsion, pressure
restore / bring back

Justice with Michael Sandel 1: What's the right thing to do?

Justice with Michael Sandel 1: What's the right thing to do?  (script)
Summary
I was afraid that students could have whether a right answer or not. However, what's the right answer?
Is it right to kill five people if you could kill one person instead?
Is there a morally appropriate way when you kill someone?
And then, when you have to kill that one person, you wouldn't do, even if you could save five people.
However, you would do if there is someone's consent there. For example, someone is almost dead, is ill and doesn't have a family.
Moreover, if you have to be nineteen days without any food, you can think that it is okay to make a sacrifice of someone to survive.
They can be philosophically explained.
If the moral thing to do depends on the consequences that will result from your action, it's called consequentialist moral reasoning. ⑴ It locates in the consequences of an act that will result from the thing you do. However, people consider other causes they won't be so sure about consequentialist moral reasoning. They start to think that it is just wrong to kill a person, even for the sake of saving five lives. It's called categorical moral reasoning. ⑵ It locates morality in certain absolute moral requirements, certain categorical duties and rights, regardless of the consequences.
And then, in there, utilitarianism has an influential power.
However, in fact, the problems is clear, it carries certain risks. There's an irony with some moral dilemma there. People pursue an act of consent. ⑶ People think that an act of consent is morally permissible.
Is it right?.
We always seek what the right thing to do is. However, “Justice” has two different aspects. For us, it's right, it might not be right for opposite site. I think that no one know what is 　a right answer though we have to do better things.
It just turns out that it's necessary for us to read many books and to discuss problems more, because we can find new ideas but we might escape from it and ignore it.

Words in this story
reluctant / unwilling and hesitant,
objectionable / unpleasant, offensive, disagreeable
assessment / evaluation, judgment, rating, estimation
assassinate /  murder, kill, slaughter, eliminate, execute

Michael Sandel 3:Why we shouldn't trust markets with our civic life

TEDGlobal 2013
Michael Sandel 3:Why we shouldn't trust markets with our civic life
Summary
This is the problem like happening in Japan right now and I've just read a similar article. In Japan, there is unconscious discrimination. It is because Japanese people don't have backgrounds living and talking with different races. Japanese society hasn't accepted in immigrants and even refugees. Japanese government thinks that the main of markets is an economy and it is not important how people live if the economy grows better. However, it loses a lot of important things.
The speaker tells us that our market has been changed to market societies from a market economy. A market economy is a tool, a valuable and effective tool, for organizing productive activities, but market societies is a place where almost everything is up for sale. It is every aspect of life which includes personal relations, social practices, family life, health, education, politics, and law.
Economists assume that markets don't touch or taint the goods when they exchange them. It means not to change the meaning and the value of the goods for exchange though it can't use for our market society. It is because our market society includes personal relations, education, and other important meanings, and they shouldn't be changed by money or exchanging them with money.
It creates inequality but it makes us worry without realizing.
Thus we shouldn't trust markets.
There should be certain moral and civic goods that markets do not honor and money cannot buy for our place where people of different social backgrounds and different walks of life can encounter one another ordinarily.
It teaches us to overcome our differences and to live happily.
Words in this story
taint / contaminate or pollute (something).